Category: ceph

The benchmark described for Intel Xeon is run with a Highbank ARMv7 Processor rev 0 (v7l) processor (the maker of the processor was Calxeda ), using the same codebase:

The encoding speed is ~450MB/s for K=2,M=1 (i.e. a RAID5 equivalent) and ~25MB/s for K=10,M=4.

It is also run with Highbank ARMv7 Processor rev 2 (v7l) (note the 2):

The encoding speed is ~650MB/s for K=2,M=1 (i.e. a RAID5 equivalent) and ~75MB/s for K=10,M=4.

Note: The code of the erasure code plugin does not contain any NEON optimizations.
Continue reading “Ceph erasure code jerasure plugin benchmarks (Highbank ARMv7)”

Note: this is only useful for people with access to the Ceph lab.

When running a Ceph integration tests using teuthology, it may fail because of a DNS resolution problem with:

$ ./virtualenv/bin/teuthology-suite --base ~/software/ceph/ceph-qa-suite \
   --suite upgrade/firefly-x \
   --ceph wip-8475 --machine-type plana \
   --email loic@dachary.org --dry-run
2014-06-27 INFO:urllib3.connectionpool:Starting new HTTP connection (1):
...
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
  HTTPConnectionPool(host='gitbuilder.ceph.com', port=80):
  Max retries exceeded with
  url: /kernel-rpm-centos6-x86_64-basic/ref/testing/sha1
  (Caused by : [Errno 3] name does not exist)

It may be caused by DNS propagation problems and pointing to the ceph.com may work better. If running bind, adding the following in /etc/bind/named.conf.local will forward all ceph.com related DNS queries to the primary server (NS1.DREAMHOST.COM i.e. 66.33.206.206), assuming /etc/resolv.conf is set to use the local DNS server first:

zone "ceph.com."{
   type forward ;
   forward only ;
  forwarders { 66.33.206.206; } ;
};
zone "ipmi.sepia.ceph.com" {
   type forward;
   forward only;
   forwarders {
      10.214.128.4;
      10.214.128.5;
   };
};
zone "front.sepia.ceph.com" {
   type forward;
   forward only;
   forwarders {
      10.214.128.4;
      10.214.128.5;
   };
};

The front.sepia.ceph.com zone will resolve machine names allocated by teuthology-lock and used as targets such as:

targets:
  ubuntu@saya001.front.sepia.ceph.com: ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABA ... 8r6pYSxH5b

When a Ceph OSD is lost in an erasure coded pool, it can be recovered using the others.

For instance if OSD X3 was lost, OSDs X1, X2, X4 to X10 and P1 to P4 are retrieved by the primary OSD and the erasure code plugin uses them to rebuild the content of X3.

Locally repairable codes are designed to lower the bandwidth requirements when recovering from the loss of a single OSD. A local parity block is calculated for each five blocks : S1 and S2. When the X3 OSD is lost, instead of retrieving blocks from 13 OSDs, it is enough to retrieve X1, X2, X4, X5 and S1, that is 5 OSDs.

In some cases, local parity blocks can help recover from the loss of more blocks than any individual encoding function can. In the example above, let say five blocks are lost: X1, X2, X3, X4 and X8. The block X8 can be recovered from X6, X7, X9, X10 and S2. Now that only four blocks are missing, the initial parity blocks are enough to recover. The combined effect of local parity blocks and the global parity blocks acts as if there was implied parity block.

On a Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz processor (and all SIMD capable Intel processors) the Reed Solomon Vandermonde technique of the jerasure plugin, which is the default in Ceph Firefly, performs better.

The chart is for decoding erasure coded objects. Y are in GB/s and the X are K/M/erasures. For instance 10/3/2 is K=10,M=3 and 2 erasures, meaning each object is sliced in K=10 equal chunks and M=3 parity chunks have been computed and the jerasure plugin is used to recover from the loss of two chunks (i.e. 2 erasures).
Continue reading “Ceph erasure code jerasure plugin benchmarks”

Note: it is similar to Creating a Ceph OSD from a designated disk partition but simpler.
In a nutshell, to use the remaining space from /dev/sda and assuming Ceph is already configured in /etc/ceph/ceph.conf it is enough to:

$ sgdisk --largest-new=$PARTITION --change-name="$PARTITION:ceph data" \
  --partition-guid=$PARTITION:$OSD_UUID \
  --typecode=$PARTITION:$PTYPE_UUID -- /dev/sda
$ partprobe
$ ceph-disk prepare /dev/sda$PARTITION
$ ceph-disk activate /dev/sda$PARTITION

Continue reading “Create a partition and make it an OSD”

A group of users give hard drives to the system administrator of the Ceph cluster. In exchange, each of them get credentials to access a dedicated pool of a given size from the Ceph cluster.
Continue reading “Sharing hard drives with Ceph”